Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery

A groundbreaking new procedure has recently gained popularity for its numerous benefits. Deep Brain Stimulation surgery (DBS) is a neurosurgical procedure that works by delivering targeted electrical impulses to certain areas of the brain. This is done by surgically implanting a battery-operated device that sends electrodes into specific brain areas to impact brain activity, which is then used to treat the patient. DBS is commonly used to treat movement disorders such as Tourette's and Epilepsy, but it is also used to treat Meige syndrome, Parkinson’s Disease, and even Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). 

Due to its effectiveness and promising results, DBS usage has risen throughout the past few years. In fact, over 12,000 DBS procedures occur each year, and this number is expected to continue rising as the procedure continues to improve. Before a patient is cleared to receive DBS, their doctor will discuss both the advantages and possible risks of the procedure. Furthermore, both a CT and an MRI scan are required before the procedure can take place. To perform a DBS surgery, the surgeon will first shave the patient’s head and then place the patient’s head into a frame. After this, the CT scan will be taken, and then the surgery begins. The surgeon will then create a small incision, drill a small opening in the skull, and then insert the device. In some DBS, the patient remains awake throughout, but does not feel the procedure since they are under anesthesia the entire time.

As stated previously, one of the primary advantages of DBS is its capability to treat a variety of different neurological disorders. Along with this, DBS can treat diseases that cannot be treated with standard medications, which is helpful for many patients. For instance, Parkinson’s Disease can be treated with medication, but the effectiveness of the medication declines as time goes on, meaning that the patient’s dosage must be increased constantly. This is not only inconvenient but can also lead to unwanted side effects, making DBS an appealing treatment option for those with Parkinson’s Disease. Another major advantage of DBS is that it is reversible. If a patient experiences severe side effects from the surgery, a follow-up surgery can be performed to reverse the process. However, as is the case with all surgical procedures, there are a few risks associated with DBS as well. For instance, it can cause swelling around the brain, internal bleeding, infections, and, in severe cases, comas or strokes. Certain complications may also arise if the leads are placed incorrectly during the procedure. Side effects of DBS include double vision, seizures, and numbness. 

Overall, DBS presents a major advancement in modern neurological surgeries, offering a promising treatment plan to many patients around the world. Its ability to target specific neural circuits highlights our increasing understanding of the human brain and the potential of technology in improving patient lives. As DBS research continues, its applications will continue to grow.

Written by Hawi Teju at Incisionary

APA References

Cleveland Clinic. (2022). Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS). Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21088-deep-brain-stimulation 

Mayo Clinic Staff. (2023, September 19). Deep brain stimulation. Mayoclinic.org; Mayo Clinic. https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/deep-brain-stimulation/about/pac-20384562 

NIH. (2025). Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS). National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/deep-brain-stimulation-dbs